مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهان

مشاوره|جیره نویسی|طراحی|براورد هزینه|دکترای تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ|عضو انجمن جهانی علوم طیور|مدرس دانشگاه|اکبر زمانی

مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهان

مشاوره|جیره نویسی|طراحی|براورد هزینه|دکترای تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ|عضو انجمن جهانی علوم طیور|مدرس دانشگاه|اکبر زمانی

اکبر زمانی، مشاوره،جیره نویسی، طراحی،براورد هزینه، دکترای تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ، عضو انجمن جهانی علوم طیور، مدرس دانشگاه، دارای 12 سال سابقه ی پرورش شترمرغ ،دارای دکترای تخصصی علوم طیور از دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران با تخصص پرورش شترمرغ دارای مقالات علمی معتبردر ژورنال animal scienceکاناداو کنگره های علوم دامی کشور ،مدرس دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی اصفهان وپژوهشگر و مروج ارشد کشوری با سابقه ی مدیریتی چندین ساله

مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهان

سه شنبه, ۲۲ بهمن ۱۳۹۸، ۱۲:۳۶ ب.ظ

 

مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهان

 

Comparison with other livestock

Recently, a number of beef producers in Europe and North America have switched to raising ostriches commercially because of the higher and faster financial returns of ostrich projects. When compared with traditional livestock, ostriches rate very highly. Whereas a cow produces a calf that reaches marketing weight after 654 days from conception, yielding 250 kg of meat, an ostrich produces not less than 40 chicks annually that reach marketing age after only 407 days from conception (42 days incubation + 365 days of age) and yield 1 800 kg of meat, 50 m2 of leather and 36 kg of feathers each year (Table 2). Furthermore, the net weight of meat represents 50 percent of live weight in ostriches, a percentage much higher than that of other farm animals such as cattle, sheep and even poultry. In addition, the female ostrich can continue this annual production for up to 40 years. With the use of modern husbandry techniques and correct management, the overall production of one female ostrich during her "economic life" can reach 72 tonnes of meat, 2 000 m2 of leather and 1450 kg of feathers. This production ability makes ostrich farming an extremely viable and highly economical proposition for developing countries.

It is not difficult to raise ostriches successfully. As with traditional farm animals, the critical time is the first period of the ostrich's life. An ostrich chick requires good care, a balanced diet containing all essential nutrients in optimal quantities, and the right temperature must be maintained during brooding up to the age of four months.

1. The nutritive value of ostrich meat compared with traditional meats - Valeur nutritive de la viande d'autruche par rapport à la viande traditionnelle - Valor nutritivo de la carne de avestruz comparada con la carne tradicional

Per 100 g raw meat

Ostrich

Beef

Chicken

Protein (g)

21.9

20.0

21.4

Fat (g)

1.0

15.6

2.6

Cholesterol (mg)

63

86

74

Energy (cal)

114

276

163

Calcium (mg)

5.2

9.0

13.0

2. Comparison of some parameters of cattle and ostriches - Comparaison de quelques paramètres entre les bovine et les autruches - Comparación entre los vacunos y los avestruces

 

Ostriches

Cattle

Gestation/incubation period (days)

42

280

Offspring per year

40

1

Period from conception to slaughter (days)

407

645

Meat (kg)

1 800

250

Leather (m2)

50.4

2.7

Feathers (kg)

36

-

Future of the ostrich industry

Today's commercialization of the ostrich is analogous to the early steps taken by the turkey industry back in the 1920s. In those days, turkeys were quite rare, difficult to find and extremely expensive, with some selling for breeding purposes for as much as US$ 2 000 each. By the mid-1960s there were more than 150 million turkeys in production worldwide.

Currently, the ostrich industry in Europe and America is still mainly in the breeding phase, with little commercial processing taking place. Some birds are sold to other farmers and ranchers entering the ostrich business. Prices continue to be artificially high. As soon as the number of ostriches reaches a level high enough to support a slaughter market, however, prices are bound to drop. In 1992, over 150 000 ostriches were slaughtered worldwide; 95 percent of these were processed in South Africa. At present, there is no concrete indication as to when the ostrich population will be large enough to meet current, let alone future, consumer demand.

In the last few years, ostrich farming has progressed dramatically and the world ostrich industry has achieved some economic stability. On many farms, however, the management of the birds, particularly the young chicks, is still relatively primitive. There is considerable scope for improvement in the areas of artificial incubation, chick nutrition, environmental requirements and selective breeding. Unfortunately, despite its great potential, the ostrich has received and-continues to receive little attention from scientists. One possible way of attracting scientific interest and securing the proper recognition of the ostrich as an animal useful to people is to hold international symposiums and conferences. If ostrich production is to provide the meat of the future, a scientific approach is the only way forward.

 

مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهانمشاوره تخصصی پرورش شتر مرغ در اصفهان

 

Bibliography

Bertram, B.C.R. 1992. The ostrich communal nesting system. Princeton, NJ, USA, Princeton University Press.

Crawford, F.C., Jr & Schmidt-Nielsen, K. 1967. Temperature regulation and evaporative cooling in the ostrich. Amer. J. Physiol., 212: 347-353.

Degen, A.A., Kam, M. & Rosenstrauch, A. 1989. Time-activity budget of ostriches (Struthio camelus) offered concentrate feed and maintained in outdoor pens. Appl. Anim. Behaviour, 22: 347-358.

Gandini, G.C.M. & Keffen, R.H. 1985. Sex determination of the South African ostrich (Struthio camelus). J. South African Vet. Assoc., 56: 209-210.

Jarvis, M.J.F., Jarvis, C. & Keffen, R.H. 1985. Breeding seasons and laying patterns of the South African ostrich (Struthio camelus). Ibis, 127: 442-449.

Jones, J.H. 1982. Pulmonary blood flow distribution in panting ostriches. J. Appl. Physiol. Respiration Exerc. Physiol., 53: 1411-1417.

Leuthold, W. 1977. Notes on the breeding biology of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) in Tsavo East National Park, Kenya. Ibis, 119: 541-544.

Levy, A., Perelman, B., Grevenbroek, M.V., Creveld, C.V., Agbaria, R. & Yagil, R. 1990. Effect of water restriction on renal function in ostriches (Struthio camelus). Avian Pathol., 19: 385-393.

Osterhoff, D.R. 1979. Ostrich farming in South Africa. Wld Rev. Anim. Prod., 15: 19-30.

Osterhoff, D.R. 1984. Behaviour of ostriches. Proc. Int. Congr. Appl. Ethol. Farm Anim., Kiel, Germany. p. 288-291.

Samour, J.H., Markham, J. & Nieva, O. 1984. Sexing ratite birds by cloacal examination. Vet. Record., 115: 167-169.

Sauer, E.G.F. 1966. Social behaviour of the South African ostrich (Struthio camelus australis). Ostrich, 6: 183-191.

Shanawany, M.M. 1993. Factors affecting fertility in ostrich flocks. Review paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the British Domesticated Ostrich Association, Sandbach, England.

Shanawany, M.M. 1994a. The importance of light for ostriches. Ostrich Update, 3: 52-54.

Shanawany, M.M. 1994b. Handling and storage of ostrich hatching eggs. Ostrich News, 3(3): 7-8.

Siegfried, W.R. 1984. Ostrich. In I.L. Mason, ed. Evolution of domesticated animals, p. 364-366. London, UK, Longman.

Vyver, A. van der 1992. Viewpoint: The world ostrich industry will South Africa maintain its domination. Agrekon, 31: 47-49.

Yagil, R., Grevenbroek, M.V., Creveld, C.V. & Levy, A. 1990. Urine production in ostriches. Israel J. Vet. Med., 45: 187-188.


 

 

Comparison with other livestock

Recently, a number of beef producers in Europe and North America have switched to raising ostriches commercially because of the higher and faster financial returns of ostrich projects. When compared with traditional livestock, ostriches rate very highly. Whereas a cow produces a calf that reaches marketing weight after 654 days from conception, yielding 250 kg of meat, an ostrich produces not less than 40 chicks annually that reach marketing age after only 407 days from conception (42 days incubation + 365 days of age) and yield 1 800 kg of meat, 50 m2 of leather and 36 kg of feathers each year (Table 2). Furthermore, the net weight of meat represents 50 percent of live weight in ostriches, a percentage much higher than that of other farm animals such as cattle, sheep and even poultry. In addition, the female ostrich can continue this annual production for up to 40 years. With the use of modern husbandry techniques and correct management, the overall production of one female ostrich during her "economic life" can reach 72 tonnes of meat, 2 000 m2 of leather and 1450 kg of feathers. This production ability makes ostrich farming an extremely viable and highly economical proposition for developing countries.

It is not difficult to raise ostriches successfully. As with traditional farm animals, the critical time is the first period of the ostrich's life. An ostrich chick requires good care, a balanced diet containing all essential nutrients in optimal quantities, and the right temperature must be maintained during brooding up to the age of four months.

1. The nutritive value of ostrich meat compared with traditional meats - Valeur nutritive de la viande d'autruche par rapport à la viande traditionnelle - Valor nutritivo de la carne de avestruz comparada con la carne tradicional

Per 100 g raw meat

Ostrich

Beef

Chicken

Protein (g)

21.9

20.0

21.4

Fat (g)

1.0

15.6

2.6

Cholesterol (mg)

63

86

74

Energy (cal)

114

276

163

Calcium (mg)

5.2

9.0

13.0

2. Comparison of some parameters of cattle and ostriches - Comparaison de quelques paramètres entre les bovine et les autruches - Comparación entre los vacunos y los avestruces

 

Ostriches

Cattle

Gestation/incubation period (days)

42

280

Offspring per year

40

1

Period from conception to slaughter (days)

407

645

Meat (kg)

1 800

250

Leather (m2)

50.4

2.7

Feathers (kg)

36

-

 

Dr.Zamani

Tel number:09132098516

 

دکتر اکبر زمانی

متخصص پرورش شترمرغ

09132098516

Akbarzamani.ir

  • مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهان

مشاوره تخصصی پرورش شترمرغ در اصفهان

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